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Compare Saint Helena (2001) - Monaco (2002)
Compare Saint Helena (2001) z Monaco (2002)
| Saint Helena (2001) | Monaco (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha* | none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
19.08% (male 699; female 687) 15-64 years: 71.72% (male 2,711; female 2,500) 65 years and over: 9.2% (male 286; female 383) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: 15.5% (male 2,545; female 2,418)
15-64 years: 62.1% (male 9,762; female 10,093) 65 years and over: 22.4% (male 2,922; female 4,247) (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on Tristan da Cunha) | none |
| Airports | 1 (2000 est.) | none; linked to airport in Nice, France, by helicopter service (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Area | total:
410 sq km land: 410 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes St. Helena Island, Ascension, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha, which consists of Tristan da Cunha Island, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, and the three Nightingale Islands |
total: 1.95 sq km
land: 1.95 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC | about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
| Background | Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, St. Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Ascension Island is the site of a US Air Force auxiliary airfield; Gough Island has a meteorological station. | Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center. |
| Birth rate | 13.49 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 9.6 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$11.2 million expenditures: $11 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY92) |
revenues: $518 million
expenditures: $531 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1995) |
| Capital | Jamestown | Monaco |
| Climate | Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena) | Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers |
| Coastline | 60 km | 4.1 km |
| Constitution | 1 January 1989 | 17 December 1962 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
none conventional short form: Saint Helena |
conventional long form: Principality of Monaco
conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principaute de Monaco local short form: Monaco |
| Currency | Saint Helenian pound (SHP) | euro (EUR); French franc (FRF) |
| Death rate | 6.33 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 12.91 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Debt - external | $NA | $NA |
| Dependency status | overseas territory of the UK | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas territory of the UK) | the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas territory of the UK) | Monaco does not have an embassy in the US
consulate(s) general: New York |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997) | $NA |
| Economy - overview | The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, the raising of livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK. | Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. In 2001, a major new construction project will extend the pier used by cruise ships in the main harbor. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Monaco does not publish national income figures; the estimates below are extremely rough. |
| Electricity - consumption | 5.6 million kWh (1999) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (1999) | NA kWh
note: electricity supplied by France (1999) |
| Electricity - production | 6 million kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
- |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m |
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mont Agel 140 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol |
| Ethnic groups | African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25% | French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21% |
| Exchange rates | Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.6764 (January 2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6047 (1997), 0.6403 (1996); note - the Saint Helenian pound is at par with the British pound | euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief David HOLLAMBY (since NA June 1999) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, two ex officio officers, and six elected members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch |
chief of state: Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre, son of the monarch (born 14 March 1958)
head of government: Minister of State Patrick LECLERCQ (since 5 January 2000) cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government |
| Exports | $704,000 (f.o.b., 1995) | $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France |
| Exports - commodities | fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts | - |
| Exports - partners | South Africa, UK | - |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | calendar year |
| Flag description | blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship | two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $18 million (1998 est.) | purchasing power parity - $870 million (1999 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $2,500 (1998 est.) | purchasing power parity - $27,000 (1999 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 15 56 S, 5 42 W | 43 44 N, 7 24 E |
| Geography - note | harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns | second smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban |
| Heliports | - | 1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice, France, and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille) (2002) |
| Highways | total:
158 km (Saint Helena 118 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km) paved: 138 km (Saint Helena 98km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km) unpaved: NA km 20 km (Saint Helena 20 km, Ascension 0 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km) |
total: 50 km
paved: 50 km unpaved: 0 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $14.434 million (c.i.f., 1995) | $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France |
| Imports - commodities | food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts | - |
| Imports - partners | UK, South Africa | - |
| Independence | none (overseas territory of the UK) | 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing | tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products |
| Infant mortality rate | 22.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | 5.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 3.2% (1997 est.) | NA% |
| International organization participation | ICFTU | ACCT, ECE, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court; Juvenile Court | Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council) |
| Labor force | 3,500 (1998 est.)
note: 1,200 of whom are working offshore |
30,540 (January 1994) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture and fishing 6%, industry (mainly construction) 48%, services 46% (1987 est.) | - |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total: 4.4 km
border countries: France 4.4 km |
| Land use | arable land:
6% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 6% forests and woodland: 6% other: 82% (1993 est.) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (urban area) (1998 est.) |
| Languages | English | French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque |
| Legal system | NA | based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Council (15 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 9 July 1997 (next to be held NA August 2001) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 15 |
unicameral National Council or Conseil National (24 seats; 16 members elected by list majority system, 8 by proportional representation; to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 9 February 2003 (next to be held NA February 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UNAM 21, UND 3 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
77.01 years male: 74.13 years female: 80.04 years (2001 est.) |
total population: 79.12 years
male: 75.21 years female: 83.25 years (2002 est.) |
| Literacy | definition:
age 20 and over can read and write total population: 97% male: 97% female: 98% (1987 est.) |
definition: NA
total population: 99% male: NA% female: NA% |
| Location | islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about mid-way between South America and Africa | Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy |
| Map references | Africa | Europe |
| Maritime claims | exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | none (2000 est.) | none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the UK | defense is the responsibility of France |
| National holiday | Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926) | National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November |
| Nationality | noun:
Saint Helenian(s) adjective: Saint Helenian |
noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s)
adjective: Monegasque or Monacan |
| Natural hazards | active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha | NA |
| Natural resources | fish | none |
| Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 7.82 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | none | Campora List [Anne-Maria CAMPORA]; Medecin List [Jean-Louis MEDECIN]; National and Democratic Union or UND [Jean-Louis CAMPORA]; National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM [leader NA]; Rally for the Monegasque Family or RFM [leader NA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 7,266 (July 2001 est.) | 31,987 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 0.72% (2001 est.) | 0.45% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown | Monaco |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998) |
| Radios | 3,000 (1997) | 34,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | total: 1.7 km
standard gauge: 1.7 km 1.435-m gauge (2002) |
| Religions | Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic | Roman Catholic 90% |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Suffrage | NA years of age | 21 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
can communicate with any place in the world domestic: automatic network international: HF radiotelephone from Saint Helena to Ascension which is a major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK ; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
general assessment: modern automatic telephone system
domestic: NA international: no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 2,000 (1997) | 31,027 (1995) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (1997) | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | 0 (1997) | 5 (1998) |
| Terrain | Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains
note: the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin |
hilly, rugged, rocky |
| Total fertility rate | 1.53 children born/woman (2001 est.) | 1.76 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 14% (1998 est.) | 3.1% (1998) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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